Eisenmenger syndrome is defined by which finding?

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Study for the NBME Form 13 Test with our comprehensive quiz collection, featuring flashcards and multiple-choice questions to ensure your readiness. Enhance your knowledge with detailed explanations for each question.

Multiple Choice

Eisenmenger syndrome is defined by which finding?

Explanation:
Eisenmenger syndrome arises when a long-standing left-to-right shunt from a congenital heart defect causes progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and fixed pulmonary hypertension. As the pulmonary resistance climbs above systemic resistance, the direction of the shunt reverses, so deoxygenated blood starts flowing into the systemic circulation. This reversal—left-to-right shifting to right-to-left shunt—is the defining feature and leads to cyanosis and hypoxemia. The other options describe scenarios that either occur before reversal (persistent left-to-right shunt) or are not about this mechanism (a shunt caused by embolism or a conduction problem).

Eisenmenger syndrome arises when a long-standing left-to-right shunt from a congenital heart defect causes progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and fixed pulmonary hypertension. As the pulmonary resistance climbs above systemic resistance, the direction of the shunt reverses, so deoxygenated blood starts flowing into the systemic circulation. This reversal—left-to-right shifting to right-to-left shunt—is the defining feature and leads to cyanosis and hypoxemia. The other options describe scenarios that either occur before reversal (persistent left-to-right shunt) or are not about this mechanism (a shunt caused by embolism or a conduction problem).

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